Nietzsche opens Beyond Good and Evil by attacking the presupposition that drives all philosophy: the unconditional value of truth. He asks why truth should be valued over untruth. The question is scandalous because it has never been seriously posed. Philosophers have treated truth as self-evidently good, but this itself is a moral prejudice — and one that has not examined itself.
Every philosophical system, Nietzsche argues, is secretly an autobiography — a rationalisation of the philosopher's own instincts, drives, and valuations. The alleged disinterestedness of philosophy is a disguise. Kant's categorical imperative, Plato's Forms, Schopenhauer's denial of the will: each is a coded confession, not an impersonal discovery. The first task of the new philosopher is to recognise this and work with it rather than pretending to escape it.
Perspectivism does not collapse into relativism where all views are equally valid. On the contrary, Nietzsche insists that the more perspectives one can command, the more one's knowledge approaches something real. A single fixed viewpoint is not objectivity — it is blindness. Genuine understanding requires the discipline to inhabit many perspectives, including those hostile to one's own inclinations. This is the task of the free spirit.
Nietzsche's perspectivism is developed most fully in the opening chapter, "Prejudices of Philosophers," and is directly connected to his broader critique of the will to truth as an unconscious moral dogma.