Chinese

Chinese philosophy encompasses one of the world's most sustained and varied intellectual traditions, stretching from the classical Hundred Schools of Thought — Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism, Legalism — through the Neo-Confucian syntheses of the Song and Ming dynasties to modern political thought. Thinkers from Confucius and Laozi to Mozi, Han Fei, Zhu Xi, and Mao Zedong grappled with perennial questions of human nature, social order, governance, and the good life, producing an extraordinarily rich body of philosophical work that continues to shape East Asian culture and thought.