Logic

A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive

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John Stuart Mill

1843

Mill's comprehensive treatise on logic and the philosophy of science establishes the empiricist foundations of all reasoning about the natural and social world. The work sets out the principles of inductive inference — including the famous five Methods of Induction — and argues that even the apparently necessary truths of mathematics and logic rest ultimately on observed regularities rather than pure reason. The final books address the logic of the moral sciences, seeking to establish a scientific method for psychology, sociology, and history.