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This Week's Highlights
· rotates weekly
The Authoritarian Character
Erich Fromm
The Authoritarian Character
Erich Fromm
♡
+
The Inner Ground
Jakob Böhme
The Inner Ground
Jakob Böhme
♡
+
The Demiurge
Plato
The Demiurge
Plato
♡
+
The Moral Law Within
Immanuel Kant
The Moral Law Within
Immanuel Kant
♡
+
Belief, Desire, and Propositional Attitudes
Bertrand Russell
Belief, Desire, and Propositional Attitudes
Bertrand Russell
♡
+
Techne and the Essence of Technology
Martin Heidegger
Techne and the Essence of Technology
Martin Heidegger
♡
+
The Aufbau Programme
Rudolf Carnap
The Aufbau Programme
Rudolf Carnap
♡
+
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851 concepts
Concept
Philosopher
Era
Branch
Read
Ren — Benevolence and the Golden Rule
The Analects
Confucius
Confucius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Cogito Ergo Sum
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Consent to Fate
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Liberty and Democracy
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Eternal Fire
Fragments
Heraclitus
Heraclitus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Philosopher Kings
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
6 min
The Logos — Universal Reason
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Eudaimonia — The Good Life
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
Master and Slave Morality
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Ethics
6 min
Organism and Nature
Science and the Modern World
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Science
5 min
Everything Flows
Fragments
Heraclitus
Heraclitus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Allegory of the Cave
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
6 min
The Dichotomy of Control
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Evil Demon
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Superior Man — Junzi
The Analects
Confucius
Confucius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Superman (Übermensch)
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
6 min
The Ungrund
Aurora
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
6 min
The Ungrund: The Groundless Ground
Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Essence and Appearance
Science of Logic
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Fallacies of Confusion and Delay
The Book of Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Polar Forces and the Dynamic Unity of Nature
Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Science
4 min
The Intellectual Love of God
Ethics
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Time as a Moving Image of Eternity
Timaeus
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Will to Power
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
Consciousness Is a Disease
The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Heaven as the Human Form
Heaven and Hell
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
Impressions and Ideas
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Man as Political Animal
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Butterfly Dream
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Causes of Revolution
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
6 min
The Doctrine of Correspondences
Heaven and Hell
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Doctrine of the Mean
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Examined Life
Apology
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Five Commandments of Christ
What I Believe
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Good Will
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Impermanence of All Things
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
The Infinite and the Finite: Complication and Explication
De Docta Ignorantia (On Learned Ignorance)
Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Inner Citadel
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Ladder of Beauty
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Aesthetics
6 min
The Logos
Fragments
Heraclitus
Heraclitus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Nature of Time
Confessions
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Restless Heart
Confessions
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Religion
4 min
The Supersensual Ground
Dialogues on the Supersensual Life
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The View from Above
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
We Are Made for Each Other
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Woman as the Other
The Second Sex
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Social
5 min
World-Historical Individuals
Lectures on the Philosophy of History
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Political
4 min
Act to Merit Eternity
The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Actual Occasions
Process and Reality
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Advaita: The Non-Dual Absolute
Brahmasūtra Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
Ahura Mazda — The Wise Lord
The Gathas
Zoroaster
Zoroaster
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Appearance and Reality
The Problems of Philosophy
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Aufhebung — Dialectical Supersession
Phenomenology of Spirit
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Authority and Reason
Sic et Non
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Conatus — The Striving to Persist
Ethics
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Creativity and Novelty
Process and Reality
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Metaphysics
4 min
Dasein and Being-in-the-World
Being and Time
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Metaphysics
6 min
Death Is Not an Evil
Tusculanae Quaestiones
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Death Is Nothing
On the Nature of Things
Lucretius
Lucretius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Deus Sive Natura — God or Nature
Ethics
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Discrete Degrees of Reality
Divine Love and Wisdom
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Eros and Philosophy
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
Eternal Recurrence
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
Evil and the Dark Ground of God
Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Religion
5 min
Evil as Privation
Confessions
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Fortune's Wheel
The Consolation of Philosophy
Boethius
Boethius
Medieval
Ethics
6 min
God and the Consequent Nature
Process and Reality
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
God is Dead
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Religion
5 min
Hamartia
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Heaven and Hell Within
Dialogues on the Supersensual Life
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Learning and Self-Cultivation
The Analects
Confucius
Confucius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Logicism: Arithmetic from Logic Alone
Foundations of Arithmetic
Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege
Contemporary
Logic
6 min
Love, Pity, and the Making of Persons
The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Mind-Body Dualism
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Mind
6 min
Myth and Enlightenment
Dialectic of Enlightenment
Max Horkheimer
Max Horkheimer
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Natural Religion and the Critique of Orthodoxy
The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
Natural Rights
Rights of Man
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Nature and Teleology
Physics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Science
4 min
Nature as Visible Spirit
Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Neutral Monism
The Analysis of Mind
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Mind
6 min
Non-Resistance to Evil by Force
The Kingdom of God is Within You
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Peripeteia and Anagnorisis
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Philosophy as Therapy
Letter to Pythocles
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Positive Freedom and Spontaneous Action
Escape from Freedom
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Providence and Free Will
The City of God
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Questioning as Piety
Sic et Non
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Religion and Terror
On the Nature of Things
Lucretius
Lucretius
Ancient
Religion
4 min
Ressentiment
Ressentiment
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Russell's Paradox
The Principles of Mathematics
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
Shevirat Ha-Kelim: The Shattering of the Vessels
Etz Chaim (The Tree of Life)
Isaac Luria
Isaac Luria
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Sophia — Divine Wisdom
Aurora
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Space and Time as Pure Intuitions
Critique of Pure Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Strategic Deception
The Art of War
Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
Ancient
Political
5 min
Subjective and Objective Reason
Eclipse of Reason
Max Horkheimer
Max Horkheimer
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Substance, Attribute, and Mode
Ethics
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Teleology and Natural Purpose
Critique of Judgment
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Absolute and the Infinite
The Immanence of Truths: Being and Event III
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
The Agony of Belief
The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
The Ambedkar-Gandhi Debate
Annihilation of Caste
B.R. Ambedkar
B.R. Ambedkar
Contemporary
Political
4 min
The Ascetic Ideal
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Religion
6 min
The Axial Age
The Origin and Goal of History
Karl Jaspers
Karl Jaspers
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
The Banality of Evil
Eichmann in Jerusalem
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Best of All Possible Worlds
Candide
Voltaire
Voltaire
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Birth of the Word in the Soul
German Sermons
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Blind Will as Thing-in-Itself
The World as Will and Representation
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
6 min
The Classification of Offences
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
The Conversion in the Garden
Confessions
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Cunning of Reason
Lectures on the Philosophy of History
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
The Dichotomy of Control
Discourses and the Enchiridion
Epictetus
Epictetus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Divine Nothing
On Detachment
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Metaphysics
4 min
The Doctrine of Signatures
The Signature of All Things
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Science
5 min
The Effectual Truth
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli
Niccolo Machiavelli
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Fall of Lucifer
Mysterium Magnum
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness
Science and the Modern World
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Science
4 min
The Five Ways
Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Formula of Humanity
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Four Noble Truths
The Middle Length Discourses
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
The Hunger of Immortality
The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Contemporary
Religion
6 min
The Inner and Outer in the Spiritual World
Heaven and Hell
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
The Intermediate State
Heaven and Hell
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Kingdom of Ends
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Political
4 min
The Last Man
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
4 min
The Mechanistic Mind
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
The Obstacle Becomes the Way
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Ontological Argument
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Organism Beyond Mechanism
Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Science
4 min
The Original Position and the Veil of Ignorance
A Theory of Justice
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Political
6 min
The Paradox of Inquiry
Meno
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
The Pleasure Principle and Human Happiness
Civilization and Its Discontents
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Problem of Evil and Human Suffering
Candide
Voltaire
Voltaire
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Rational Woman
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
6 min
The Refutation of Buddhist Idealism
Brahmasūtra Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Relativity of Perspectives
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Ring of Gyges
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Role of Mathematics in Science
Science and the Modern World
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Science
4 min
The Scholastic Dialectic
Sic et Non
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Logic
5 min
The Sefirot and Divine Structure
Etz Chaim (The Tree of Life)
Isaac Luria
Isaac Luria
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
The Self-Will and the Divine Will
Dialogues on the Supersensual Life
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Sickness of the Mind
The Consolation of Philosophy
Boethius
Boethius
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Simorgh: The Divine as the Self
The Conference of the Birds
Attar of Nishapur
Attar of Nishapur
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Skill of Cook Ding
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Soul's Journey to Illumination
Dialogues on the Supersensual Life
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The State of Nature
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Superiority of Theurgy over Dialectic
De Mysteriis (On the Mysteries)
Iamblichus
Iamblichus
Ancient
Religion
4 min
The Three Hypostases
The Enneads
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
6 min
The Three Metamorphoses
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
The Tripartite Soul
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Two Cities
The City of God
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Two Eyes of the Soul
Dialogues on the Supersensual Life
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
The Will in Organic and Inorganic Nature
On the Will in Nature
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
The Wisdom of Our Ancestors
The Book of Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
The World as Representation
The World as Will and Representation
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The World-Soul and Universal Intellect
On Cause, Principle and Unity
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Tikkun Olam: The Repair of the World
Etz Chaim (The Tree of Life)
Isaac Luria
Isaac Luria
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Tzimtzum: The Divine Contraction
Etz Chaim (The Tree of Life)
Isaac Luria
Isaac Luria
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Virtue as Habit
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
War is Father of All
Fragments
Heraclitus
Heraclitus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
A Short Madness
Of Anger
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Mind
5 min
A Utilitarian Theory of Punishment
The Panopticon Writings
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Abgeschiedenheit — Detachment
On Detachment
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Absolute Knowing
Phenomenology of Spirit
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Abstract Right
Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Political
5 min
Achilles and the Tortoise
Zeno of Elea: A Text
Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Acting from Duty
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Action and the Project
Pyrrhus and Cinéas
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Actuality and Potentiality
Metaphysics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
Aesthetic Autonomy
Aesthetic Theory
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Aesthetics
5 min
Aesthetic Contemplation and Will-lessness
The World as Will and Representation
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
After Auschwitz
Negative Dialectics
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Against Clifford: The Right to Risk Belief
The Will to Believe
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Against Innate Ideas
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Against Miracles
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Against Psychologism
Foundations of Arithmetic
Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
Against the Atlanta Compromise
The Souls of Black Folk
W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois
Contemporary
Political
7 min
Against the Tyranny of the Past
A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Akrasia — Weakness of Will
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Alienated Labour
Capital: Critique of Political Economy
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Ethics
5 min
All Things Contemplate
On Contemplation
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Allegorical Interpretation of Scripture
Contra Celsum
Origen
Origen
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
Amor Fati — Love of Fate
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Analogy of Being
Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Anatta — No-Self
The Middle Length Discourses
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Metaphysics
6 min
Anger Against Nature
Of Anger
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Angra Mainyu — The Destructive Spirit
The Gathas
Zoroaster
Zoroaster
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Animal Magnetism and the Unity of Will
On the Will in Nature
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Mind
4 min
Animal Personality and Rational Consciousness
On Life
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Mind
5 min
Anti-Representationalism
Consequences of Pragmatism
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
Anxiety and the Dizziness of Freedom
The Concept of Anxiety
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Mind
5 min
Apokatastasis: The Restoration of All Things
On First Principles
Origen
Origen
Ancient
Religion
6 min
Appearance and Reality
Appearance and Reality
F.H. Bradley
F.H. Bradley
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Armed Prophets
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli
Niccolo Machiavelli
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Art and Truth Content
Aesthetic Theory
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Aesthetics
5 min
Art as the Organ of Philosophy
System of Transcendental Idealism
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
Art as the Sensuous Shining of the Idea
Lectures on Aesthetics
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
Art, Genius, and the Escape from the Will
Parerga and Paralipomena
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Aesthetics
4 min
Arts, Sciences, and Moral Corruption
Discourse on the Arts and Sciences
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Asha and Druj — Truth and Falsehood
The Gathas
Zoroaster
Zoroaster
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Ataraxia: The Undisturbed Mind
Letter to Menoeceus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Atoms and the Void
Letter to Herodotus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Authenticity and Inauthenticity
Being and Time
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Existentialism
5 min
Autonomy of the Will
Critique of Practical Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Averroes as the Commentator
The Decisive Treatise
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Metaphysics
4 min
Bad Conscience
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
Bad Faith
Being and Nothingness
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Bad Faith and the Serious Man
The Ethics of Ambiguity
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Base and Superstructure
The Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Political
5 min
Bayesian Arguments for God's Existence
The Existence of God
Richard Swinburne
Richard Swinburne
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
Beauty and the Good
On the Beautiful
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Being as Pure Multiplicity
Being and Event
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Being Qua Being
Metaphysics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Being-toward-Death
Being and Time
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Existentialism
5 min
Being, Nothing, and Becoming
Science of Logic
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Belief and Probability
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Belief, Desire, and Propositional Attitudes
The Analysis of Mind
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
Benefits as the Bond of Society
On Benefits
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Social
5 min
Bentham's Critique of Blackstone
A Fragment on Government
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Beyond Being
On the Good, or the One
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Biblical Criticism and Scripture
Theological-Political Treatise
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Bradley's Critique of Relations
Appearance and Reality
F.H. Bradley
F.H. Bradley
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Brahman as Pure Consciousness
Brahmasūtra Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Brotherly, Motherly, and Erotic Love
The Art of Loving
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Buddhahood in This Lifetime
The Writings of Nichiren Daishonin (Gosho)
Nichiren
Nichiren
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Caste as a Religious Institution
Annihilation of Caste
B.R. Ambedkar
B.R. Ambedkar
Contemporary
Social
5 min
Catharsis
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Causation as Habit
A Treatise of Human Nature
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Certainty and Knowledge
On Certainty
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
Character, Will, and Inborn Nature
The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Charity and Faith
True Christian Religion
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Christian Anarchism
The Kingdom of God is Within You
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Political
5 min
Civil Religion
The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Civil Society
Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Social
5 min
Civilization and the Sense of Guilt
Civilization and Its Discontents
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Class Struggle and the Dictatorship of the Proletariat
The Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Political
5 min
Classes and Relations
The Principles of Mathematics
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
Clear and Distinct Ideas
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Clemency and Power
Of Clemency
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Political
5 min
Collective Responsibility and Individual Guilt
Eichmann in Jerusalem
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Commodity Fetishism
Capital: Critique of Political Economy
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Social
6 min
Common and Heavenly Love
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Communication and Philosophical Life
Way to Wisdom
Karl Jaspers
Karl Jaspers
Contemporary
Existentialism
4 min
Compassion as the Basis of Morality
The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Conscience and the Inner Judge
Scito te Ipsum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Consciousness and the Not-Self
Upadeśasāhasrī
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Mind
6 min
Consent and Legitimate Government
Two Treatises of Government
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Contemplation as Creation
On Contemplation
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Contradiction
Science of Logic
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Logic
5 min
Conversion and the Subliminal Self
The Varieties of Religious Experience
William James
William James
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
Cosmogenesis and Directed Evolution
The Phenomenon of Man
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Criteria and Symptoms
The Blue and Brown Books
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
4 min
Custom and Habit
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Death and Its Illusion
On Life
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Death Is Nothing to Us
Letter to Menoeceus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Decent Peoples and the Society of Peoples
The Law of Peoples
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Deism: The Religion of Reason
The Age of Reason
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Dependent Origination
The Middle Length Discourses
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Metaphysics
6 min
Desireless Action: Nishkama Karma
Bhagavadgītā Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Ethics
5 min
Despair as the Sickness Unto Death
The Sickness Unto Death
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Mind
6 min
Despotism and Its Principle
The Spirit of the Laws
Montesquieu
Montesquieu
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Detachment in Suffering
The Book of Divine Comfort
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Disinterested Pleasure
Critique of Judgment
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Aesthetics
4 min
Divine History and the Temporality of God
The Ages of the World
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Religion
5 min
Divine Imagination
Mysterium Magnum
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Divine Influx and Human Reception
Divine Love and Wisdom
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
Divine Knowledge
Disputed Questions on Truth
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Divine Knowledge of Particulars
The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Divine Knowledge of Particulars
The Incoherence of the Philosophers
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Metaphysics
4 min
Divine Longing and the Origin of the World
The Ages of the World
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Religion
4 min
Divine Omnipotence and Contingency
Scriptum in librum primum Sententiarum (Ordinatio)
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Divine Omnipotence and Logical Limits
The Coherence of Theism
Richard Swinburne
Richard Swinburne
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
Divine Providence
Summa Contra Gentiles
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Divine Wrath and Love
Aurora
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Double-Consciousness
The Souls of Black Folk
W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois
Contemporary
Social
6 min
Dreams as Wish-Fulfilment
The Interpretation of Dreams
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
Duty and the Honestum
De Officiis (On Duties)
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Earthly Desires Are Enlightenment
The Writings of Nichiren Daishonin (Gosho)
Nichiren
Nichiren
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Edifying Philosophy
Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
Education and the State
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
Education and the Turning of the Soul
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
El Dorado and the Rejection of Paradise
Candide
Voltaire
Voltaire
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Emanation
The Enneads
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Equanimity and the Prepared Soul
Talks of Instruction
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Erklären and Verstehen: Explanation and Understanding
Introduction to the Human Sciences
Wilhelm Dilthey
Wilhelm Dilthey
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Eros Against Death: The Final Struggle
Civilization and Its Discontents
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Essence and Existence
On Being and Essence
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Eternal Objects and Ingression
Process and Reality
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Metaphysics
4 min
Ethical Life — Sittlichkeit
Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Political
6 min
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
Rhetoric
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Logic
4 min
Every Man Carries the Human Condition
Selected Essays
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Existence Is Not a Predicate
On Denoting
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Existence Precedes Essence
Being and Nothingness
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Existenz and Boundary Situations
Philosophy of Existence
Karl Jaspers
Karl Jaspers
Contemporary
Existentialism
5 min
Expediency and Honesty
De Officiis (On Duties)
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Faith and Reason as Separate Domains
Scriptum in librum primum Sententiarum (Ordinatio)
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Faith and Reason in Origen's Apologetics
Contra Celsum
Origen
Origen
Ancient
Epistemology
4 min
Faith Seeking Understanding
Theologia Scholarium
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Faith, Offence, and the Absolute Paradox
The Sickness Unto Death
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Religion
4 min
Family Resemblance
Philosophical Investigations
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
4 min
Fanāʾ: Annihilation in the Divine
The Conference of the Birds
Attar of Nishapur
Attar of Nishapur
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Federation of Free States
Perpetual Peace
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Political
4 min
Felicity and the Restless Will
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Final Vocabularies and Irony
Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Foreknowledge and Intelligence
The Art of War
Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
Ancient
Political
5 min
Form and Matter
On Being and Essence
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Metaphysics
4 min
Forms of Government
The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Fortuna and Virtù
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli
Niccolo Machiavelli
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Four Beginnings and Seven Emotions
Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Frashokereti — The Renewal of Creation
The Gathas
Zoroaster
Zoroaster
Ancient
Religion
4 min
Free and Easy Wandering
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Free Will and Moral Choice
The Gathas
Zoroaster
Zoroaster
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Free Will and Providence
Disputed Questions on Truth
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Ethics
5 min
Freedom and Providence
Divine Providence
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Freedom and the Moral Law
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Freedom as Ethical Ground
The Ethics of Ambiguity
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Freedom as the Capacity for Good and Evil
Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Freedom of Contract and the Money Market
A Defence of Usury
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Freedom of Expression and Utility
Anarchical Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Freedom of the Will and Moral Determinism
The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Freedom of Thought
Theological-Political Treatise
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Friendship and the Good Life
The Principal Doctrines
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Fruits Not Roots: Judging Religious Experience
The Varieties of Religious Experience
William James
William James
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
Genuine Options and the Right to Believe
The Will to Believe
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
6 min
Gestell: The Enframing
The Question Concerning Technology
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
God and the Perfection of Being
Discourse on the Method
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
God as Divine Love and Wisdom
Divine Love and Wisdom
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
God Is the Highest Good
The Consolation of Philosophy
Boethius
Boethius
Medieval
Religion
6 min
Good Sense — The Universal Light of Reason
Discourse on the Method
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Governing by Non-Interference
Tao Te Ching
Laozi
Laozi
Ancient
Political
5 min
Grace and Nature
Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Grammar as the Method of Philosophy
The Blue and Brown Books
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
4 min
Herd Morality
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Heterophenomenology
Consciousness Explained
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Mind
4 min
Hierarchy of Being
On Being and Essence
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Metaphysics
4 min
Higher and Lower Pleasures
Utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Hinge Propositions
On Certainty
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Historical Materialism
Capital: Critique of Political Economy
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Political
5 min
History as Empirical Science
Kitāb al-ʿIbar
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Human Bondage and the Passions
Ethics
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Hume's Fork
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
4 min
I-Thou and I-It: Two Modes of Relation
I and Thou
Martin Buber
Martin Buber
Contemporary
Ethics
6 min
Ideology and the Ruling Ideas
The Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Social
4 min
Impermanence — Anicca
The Dhammapada
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Indirect Communication and Pseudonymity
Concluding Unscientific Postscript
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Individuality and Development
On Liberty
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Infinite Resignation and the Absolute
Fear and Trembling
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Innocence as Ignorance
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Instinct, Intellect, and the Primacy of Will
On the Will in Nature
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Mind
4 min
Intelligible Beauty
On the Beautiful
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Intension and Extension
Meaning and Necessity
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Intention Over Matter
On Benefits
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Intuitive Cognition
Scriptum in librum primum Sententiarum (Ordinatio)
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Just Taxation
Discourse on Political Economy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Justice — Universal and Particular
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
Justice and the Common Good
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
6 min
Justice and Utility
Utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Justice as a Social Compact
The Principal Doctrines
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Justice as Fairness
A Theory of Justice
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Justice as Harmony
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Karma and Intentional Action
The Dhammapada
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Knowledge and Tracking
Philosophical Explanations
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description
The Problems of Philosophy
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Epistemology
6 min
Knowledge versus Action: The Jnana-Karma Debate
Bhagavadgītā Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Ethics
6 min
Labor, Work, and Action
The Human Condition
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Political
6 min
Language and Abstract Ideas
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
Language as the House of Being
Poetry, Language, Thought
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Language Games
Philosophical Investigations
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Law as a Human Construct
A Fragment on Government
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Learned Ignorance
De Docta Ignorantia (On Learned Ignorance)
Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Learning as Recollection
Meno
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
Legal Rights vs. Natural Rights
Anarchical Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Li — Ritual Propriety
The Analects
Confucius
Confucius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Li and Qi: Principle and Vital Force
Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Liberal Utopia and Solidarity
Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Liberation in Life: Jivanmukti
Bhagavadgītā Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Liberation Through Knowledge Alone
Upadeśasāhasrī
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Liberty and Necessity
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Liberty of Thought and Discussion
On Liberty
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Lived Experience, Expression, Understanding
Introduction to the Human Sciences
Wilhelm Dilthey
Wilhelm Dilthey
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Living According to Nature
Discourses and the Enchiridion
Epictetus
Epictetus
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Logic as the Foundation of Knowledge
Summa Logicae
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Logic
4 min
Logic as the Instrument of All Philosophy
The Book of Knowledge
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Logical Atomism and the World of Facts
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Metaphysics
4 min
Logical Form and Grammatical Form
On Denoting
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Logical Probability and Confirmation
Logical Foundations of Probability
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Contemporary
Science
5 min
Logicism
Principia Mathematica
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
Logicism
The Principles of Mathematics
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
6 min
Lordship and Bondage
Phenomenology of Spirit
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Mind
6 min
Love and Capitalist Alienation
The Art of Loving
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Social
5 min
Love and Immortality
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Love and Philosophy
Historia Calamitatum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
5 min
Love and the We
The Examined Life
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Love as an Art
The Art of Loving
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Love as Daimōn
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Mind
5 min
Love as the Path to the Divine
The Conference of the Birds
Attar of Nishapur
Attar of Nishapur
Medieval
Religion
4 min
Luxury and Decadence
Discourse on the Arts and Sciences
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Man Born Free
The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Marriage, Servitude, and Liberal Law
The Subjection of Women
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Social
5 min
Martin's Manichaeism
Candide
Voltaire
Voltaire
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
Mathematics and Physical Reality
Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Science
5 min
Maya: Cosmic Illusion
Upanishad Bhashyas
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
Meaning Without a Meaner
Darwin's Dangerous Idea
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Science
4 min
Meeting as the Ground of Selfhood
I and Thou
Martin Buber
Martin Buber
Contemporary
Social
5 min
Meliorism and the Religious Life
Pragmatism
William James
William James
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
Memento Mori
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Memory and the Self
Confessions
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Mind
5 min
Memory, Gratitude, and the Gift of Thought
What Is Called Thinking?
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Continental
4 min
Mercy vs. Pity
Of Clemency
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Methodic Doubt
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Mill's Methods of Induction
A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Logic
5 min
Mimesis
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Mind as Forerunner
The Dhammapada
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Mind
5 min
Minimal Empiricism
Mind and World
John McDowell
John McDowell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Misology: The Hatred of Argument
Phaedo
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
4 min
Mitigated Scepticism
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Moral Intention
Scito te Ipsum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
5 min
Moral Interpretation of Scripture
Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Religion
4 min
Moral Sentiment and Sympathy
An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Multiple Explanations
Letter to Pythocles
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
Mystical Knowledge and the Tasting of Truth
Deliverance from Error
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Mystical States of Consciousness
The Varieties of Religious Experience
William James
William James
Contemporary
Mind
6 min
Mystical Union
On the Good, or the One
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Religion
6 min
Mythology and Revelation as Philosophical Sources
Philosophy of Mythology
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Religion
4 min
Mythology as Theogonic Process
Philosophy of Mythology
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Religion
5 min
Narrative and the Self
After Virtue
Alasdair MacIntyre
Alasdair MacIntyre
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Natality: The Power to Begin
The Human Condition
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
National Education and the Co-education of the Sexes
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Natural and Necessary Desires
The Principal Doctrines
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Natural Compassion
Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Natural Law
Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Ethics
5 min
Natural Rights and the State of Nature
Two Treatises of Government
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Natural Science and Tranquility
Letter to Pythocles
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
Natural Theology
Summa Contra Gentiles
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Natural Theology and Divine Providence
De Natura Deorum (On the Nature of the Gods)
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Navayana: Buddhism as Liberation
The Buddha and His Dhamma
B.R. Ambedkar
B.R. Ambedkar
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
Necessary Connection
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Negative Dialectics
Negative Dialectics
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Continental
6 min
Negative Visualisation
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Neti Neti: The Method of Negation
Upanishad Bhashyas
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
Never Return Wrong for Wrong
Crito
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Nirvana
The Dhammapada
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Nominalism: Universals as Names
Summa Logicae
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Nonsense Upon Stilts: Against Natural Rights
Anarchical Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
5 min
Nothing From Nothing
On the Nature of Things
Lucretius
Lucretius
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Number as a Property of Concepts
Foundations of Arithmetic
Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
Objective Reality and Invariance
Invariances: The Structure of the Objective World
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Ockham's Razor
Summa Logicae
William of Ockham
William of Ockham
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
On True Freedom
Discourses and the Enchiridion
Epictetus
Epictetus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Ordo Amoris
Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Original Sin and Evolution
Christianity and Evolution
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
Peace as a Metaphysical Ideal
Adventures of Ideas
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Metaphysics
4 min
Perspectivism
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Pessimism and the Metaphysics of Suffering
Parerga and Paralipomena
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Philosophers of the Future
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
Philosophical World-Views
The Essence of Philosophy
Wilhelm Dilthey
Wilhelm Dilthey
Modern
Continental
5 min
Philosophy Against Sophistry
Manifesto for Philosophy
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Continental
4 min
Philosophy as Preparation for Death
Selected Essays
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Philosophy as the Practice of Death
Phaedo
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
Philosophy as Therapy
Tusculanae Quaestiones
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Philosophy, Religion, and the Double Truth
The Decisive Treatise
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Physis, Logos, and the Greek Beginning
Introduction to Metaphysics
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Piety and Justice
Euthyphro
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Planetisation and the Convergence of Humanity
The Future of Man
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Science
4 min
Pleasure as the Highest Good
Letter to Menoeceus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Plurality of Worlds and the Dissolution of Uniqueness
On the Infinite, Universe, and Worlds
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Science
4 min
Poetic Dwelling on the Earth
Poetry, Language, Thought
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Aesthetics
5 min
Poetry and the Universal
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
Positive Philosophy vs Negative Philosophy
Philosophy of Mythology
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Poverty and the Limits of Tradition
A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Practical Wisdom — Phronesis
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
Pragmatism and Democracy
Philosophy and Social Hope
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Political
4 min
Praxis and the Practico-Inert
Critique of Dialectical Reason
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Contemporary
Continental
6 min
Prayer as Surrender
The Way to Christ
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Process and the Logic of Becoming
The Ages of the World
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Property, Dependence, and Degradation
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Prophecy and Imagination
Theological-Political Treatise
Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
Providence and Adversity
Of a Happy Life
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Providence and Fate
The Consolation of Philosophy
Boethius
Boethius
Medieval
Metaphysics
7 min
Provisional Morality
Discourse on the Method
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Public Education and Citizenship
Discourse on Political Economy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Public Reason
Political Liberalism
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Punishment, Reform, and the Contract Model
The Panopticon Writings
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Purposiveness without Purpose
Critique of Judgment
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Aesthetics
4 min
Radical Evil
Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
5 min
Radical Evil
The Origins of Totalitarianism
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Rational Religion vs. Ecclesiastical Faith
Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Religion
5 min
Reason Against Sentiment
A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Reason and Faith
Summa Contra Gentiles
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Reason and the Question of Life
A Confession
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Reason and the Trinity
Theologia Scholarium
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Reason in History
Lectures on the Philosophy of History
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Reason, Liberty, and Social Reform
Annihilation of Caste
B.R. Ambedkar
B.R. Ambedkar
Contemporary
Political
4 min
Reasonable Pluralism and Political Conception
Political Liberalism
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Social
4 min
Rebuilding Knowledge from the Ground Up
Discourse on the Method
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Regeneration and Spiritual Formation
Divine Providence
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Religion and Dogma
Religion in the Making
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
Religion as Solitariness
Religion in the Making
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
Religious Experience and the Holy
On the Eternal in Man
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
Republican Constitution and Peace
Perpetual Peace
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Political
4 min
Ressentiment
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Continental
5 min
Revealing and Concealment in Technology
The Question Concerning Technology
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Revolution and Legitimacy
Rights of Man
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Rhetoric and the Good
Rhetoric
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Logic
4 min
Right of Nature and Natural Law
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Rights as Side Constraints
Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Rule Following and Its Paradox
Philosophical Investigations
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
5 min
Sacred Rights
A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Scarcity and Human History
Critique of Dialectical Reason
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Second Nature and Bildung
Mind and World
John McDowell
John McDowell
Contemporary
Mind
4 min
Self-Consciousness as Nature's Culmination
System of Transcendental Idealism
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Mind
4 min
Self-Knowledge and Confession
Historia Calamitatum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Self-Will and Sin
The Three Principles of the Divine Being
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
Sensation and Perception
On the Soul
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Mind
4 min
Sensation and Reflection
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
Sensation, Image, and Memory
The Analysis of Mind
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
Seriality and the Fused Group
Critique of Dialectical Reason
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Sin and Consent
Scito te Ipsum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Sinister Interest and Institutional Bias
The Book of Fallacies
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Political
4 min
Skyhooks and Cranes
Darwin's Dangerous Idea
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Science
5 min
Smith, Bentham, and the Limits of Liberalism
A Defence of Usury
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Ethics
4 min
Society Against Government
Common Sense
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
4 min
Society and the Individual
On Liberty
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Political
4 min
Socrates and the Sileni
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Socratic Ignorance
Apology
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
Soul as the Principle of Life
The Immortality of the Soul
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Sovereign Power
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Early Modern
Political
5 min
Spirit and World-Openness
The Human Place in the Cosmos
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Metaphysics
4 min
Spiritual Poverty
The Book of Divine Comfort
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Religion
5 min
Subjectivity Is Truth
Concluding Unscientific Postscript
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Epistemology
6 min
Substance and Form
Metaphysics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
Suffering and the Good Man
The City of God
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
Superimposition and the Root of Ignorance
Brahmasūtra Bhāṣya
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
Surplus Value and Exploitation
Capital: Critique of Political Economy
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Modern
Political
6 min
Symbolic Utility and Rational Action
The Nature of Rationality
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
Sympathy and Fellow-Feeling
The Nature of Sympathy
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Synthetic A Priori Judgments
Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
Tat Tvam Asi: That Art Thou
Upanishad Bhashyas
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
Techne and the Essence of Technology
The Question Concerning Technology
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Science
4 min
The Absolute
Appearance and Reality
F.H. Bradley
F.H. Bradley
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Absolute Identity of Nature and Spirit
System of Transcendental Idealism
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Active Intellect
On the Soul
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Active Intellect and Divine Illumination
Book of Directives and Remarks
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
The Aesthetic Stage of Existence
Either/Or
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
The Affinity Argument
Phaedo
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Aggression Instinct and Civilization
Civilization and Its Discontents
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Allegory of the Sun
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Ambiguity of Existence
The Ethics of Ambiguity
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Antinomies of Pure Reason
Critique of Pure Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Argument for American Independence
Common Sense
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
4 min
The Argument from Custom
The Subjection of Women
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Political
4 min
The Argument from Recollection
Phaedo
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
6 min
The Argument of the Laws
Crito
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Arrow Paradox
Zeno of Elea: A Text
Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
The Art of Assent
Discourses and the Enchiridion
Epictetus
Epictetus
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Art of Giving
On Benefits
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Art of Living: Aphorisms on Worldly Wisdom
Parerga and Paralipomena
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Art of Memory and Hermetic Magic
On the Shadows of Ideas
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Association of Ideas
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
The Aufbau Programme
The Logical Structure of the World
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Contemporary
Epistemology
6 min
The Authoritarian Character
Escape from Freedom
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Beatific Vision
The City of God
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Religion
5 min
The Beautiful and the Sublime
Critique of Judgment
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
The Bewitchment of Our Intelligence by Language
The Blue and Brown Books
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
4 min
The Bible as Human Invention
The Age of Reason
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Birthright of Man
A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Blessed Life
The Principal Doctrines
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Bundle Theory of Self
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Mind
4 min
The Bundle Theory of the Self
A Treatise of Human Nature
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Burden of Freedom
Escape from Freedom
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Social
5 min
The Canonic: Criteria of Truth
Letter to Herodotus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
The Cartesian Theater Fallacy
Consciousness Explained
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Case Against Monarchy
Common Sense
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Cash-Value of Ideas
Pragmatism
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Categorical Imperative
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Categories of Understanding
Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Censor and Dream Distortion
The Interpretation of Dreams
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Civilising Function of Ideas
Adventures of Ideas
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Science
4 min
The Coincidence of Opposites
On Cause, Principle and Unity
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Coincidence of Opposites
De Docta Ignorantia (On Learned Ignorance)
Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Common Nucleus of Religion
The Varieties of Religious Experience
William James
William James
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
The Concept
Science of Logic
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Logic
5 min
The Contemplative Life
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
The Contempt of Death
Of a Happy Life
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
The Context Principle
Foundations of Arithmetic
Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege
Contemporary
Language
5 min
The Crisis of Meaning
A Confession
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Existentialism
5 min
The Critique of Kalam Theology
Exposition of the Methods of Proof
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Culture Industry
Dialectic of Enlightenment
Max Horkheimer
Max Horkheimer
Contemporary
Social
5 min
The Damaged Life
Minima Moralia
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Social
4 min
The Degeneration of Constitutions
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Demiurge
Timaeus
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
6 min
The Demonic: Anxiety Before the Good
The Concept of Anxiety
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Mind
4 min
The Denial of the Will-to-Live
The World as Will and Representation
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Design Argument Critiqued
Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Detached Will
Talks of Instruction
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
The Dichotomy
Zeno of Elea: A Text
Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
The Difference Principle
A Theory of Justice
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Social
5 min
The Dilemma of Determinism
The Will to Believe
William James
William James
Contemporary
Ethics
6 min
The Dipolar God
Religion in the Making
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
The Distinction Between Essence and Existence
The Book of Healing
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Distinction between Ground and Existence
Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom
Friedrich Schelling
Friedrich Schelling
Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
The Divided Line
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
5 min
The Divine Attributes as a Consistent Set
The Coherence of Theism
Richard Swinburne
Richard Swinburne
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Divine Human
True Christian Religion
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Divine Milieu
The Divine Milieu
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Divine Mission of Socrates
Apology
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Divinisation of Activities
The Divine Milieu
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Dream-Work: Condensation and Displacement
The Interpretation of Dreams
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
6 min
The Dreaming Spirit and Original Sin
The Concept of Anxiety
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Mind
5 min
The Duty of Assistance
The Law of Peoples
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
The Dynastic Cycle
The Muqaddimah
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun
Medieval
Political
5 min
The Eclipse of the Between
I and Thou
Martin Buber
Martin Buber
Contemporary
Social
4 min
The Emotivist Self
After Virtue
Alasdair MacIntyre
Alasdair MacIntyre
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Encompassing
Philosophy of Existence
Karl Jaspers
Karl Jaspers
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
The End of Art
Lectures on Aesthetics
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
The Enthymeme
Rhetoric
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Logic
4 min
The Entitlement Theory of Justice
Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Equality of the Sexes
The Subjection of Women
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Political
5 min
The Eternal Present
The Consolation of Philosophy
Boethius
Boethius
Medieval
Metaphysics
7 min
The Eternal Thou
I and Thou
Martin Buber
Martin Buber
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
The Eternal Word
Mysterium Magnum
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Eternity of the World
The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
The Eternity of the World Refuted
The Incoherence of the Philosophers
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Ethical Stage of Existence
Either/Or
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Euthyphro Dilemma
Euthyphro
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Religion
5 min
The Event and Fidelity
Being and Event
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Metaphysics
6 min
The Examination of the Four Sects
Deliverance from Error
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
The Failure of Moral Judgment
Eichmann in Jerusalem
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Fall as Inversion of Loves
Arcana Caelestia
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Felicific Calculus
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Five Constant Factors
The Art of War
Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Flying Man: Self-Awareness and the Soul
The Book of Healing
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Mind
6 min
The Foreign Observer and Irony
Persian Letters
Montesquieu
Montesquieu
Early Modern
Political
4 min
The Forgetting of Being
Introduction to Metaphysics
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
The Four Causes
Physics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Science
5 min
The Four Rules of Method
Discourse on the Method
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Fourfold Remedy
Letter to Menoeceus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Fourfold Root: Four Forms of Ground
On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Free Life of the Intellect
Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Function Argument
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Fundamental Question of Metaphysics
Introduction to Metaphysics
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
The Gadfly of Athens
Apology
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
4 min
The General Will
The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
6 min
The General Will and Law
Discourse on Political Economy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Geometry of the Elements
Timaeus
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Gnostic's Ascent and the Mystic Station
Book of Directives and Remarks
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Religion
4 min
The Great Mind's Serenity
Of Anger
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Greatest Happiness Principle
A Fragment on Government
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Ground of the Soul
German Sermons
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Hand, the Craft, and Genuine Thinking
What Is Called Thinking?
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Continental
4 min
The Harm Principle
On Liberty
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Political
5 min
The Hermeneutic Circle
Hermeneutics and the Study of History
Wilhelm Dilthey
Wilhelm Dilthey
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Heroic Frenzy
On the Heroic Frenzies
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
The Hierarchy of Divine Beings
De Mysteriis (On the Mysteries)
Iamblichus
Iamblichus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Hierarchy of Values
Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
The Highest Good
De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum
Cicero
Cicero
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Highest Good
Critique of Practical Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Household and the Polis
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Immunity of the Virtuous Man
Of a Happy Life
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Incoherence of Causal Necessity
The Incoherence of the Philosophers
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
The Inconstancy of the Self
Selected Essays
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne
Early Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Ineffable One
On the Good, or the One
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
6 min
The Infinite Universe
On the Infinite, Universe, and Worlds
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Infinity of Worlds
Letter to Herodotus
Epicurus
Epicurus
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
The Inner and Outer Man
The Book of Divine Comfort
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
The Inner Ground
The Way to Christ
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Inner Sense of Scripture
Arcana Caelestia
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Inspection Principle
The Panopticon Writings
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Social
5 min
The Knight of Faith
Fear and Trembling
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Religion
5 min
The Language of Nature
The Signature of All Things
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Language
5 min
The Law of Love
The Kingdom of God is Within You
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Learning of the Mind-and-Heart
Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Limits of Doubt
On Certainty
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
The Limits of Human Knowledge
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Limits of Language
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
4 min
The Limits of Pure Reason
Critique of Pure Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Limits of the Design Argument
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Living Generation
Rights of Man
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Political
4 min
The Logic of Relations
Principia Mathematica
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
4 min
The Logic of the Moral Sciences
A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Logos and the Trinity
On First Principles
Origen
Origen
Ancient
Religion
5 min
The Lotus Sutra as Supreme Teaching
The Writings of Nichiren Daishonin (Gosho)
Nichiren
Nichiren
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Love of God
The Art of Loving
Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Mass on the World
Hymn of the Universe
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Material A Priori in Ethics
Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values
Max Scheler
Max Scheler
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Meaning of Life
The Examined Life
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
The Middle Class as Stabiliser
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Middle Way
The Middle Length Discourses
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Minimal State
Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick
Contemporary
Political
4 min
The Mirror of Nature
Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature
Richard Rorty
Richard Rorty
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Moral Law Within
Critique of Practical Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Moral Universe and the Creator of Value
The Will to Believe
William James
William James
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
The Multiple Drafts Model
Consciousness Explained
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Myth of Er
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Myth of the Barbarian
Selected Essays
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Myth of the Given
Mind and World
John McDowell
John McDowell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Myth of the Other Half
Symposium
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Myth of the True Earth
Phaedo
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Nature of the Self
Ātma Bodha
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
The Necessary Existent: Avicenna's Proof for God
The Book of Healing
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Metaphysics
6 min
The New Birth
The Way to Christ
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Noble Eightfold Path
The Dhammapada
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
The Noble Lie
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Noosphere
The Phenomenon of Man
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Science
4 min
The Oceanic Feeling
Civilization and Its Discontents
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Omega Point
The Phenomenon of Man
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Contemporary
Religion
5 min
The Omnivoyant Icon
De Visione Dei (The Vision of God)
Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The One and the Many
Zeno of Elea: A Text
Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Opinion of the Many
Crito
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
4 min
The Order of Peace
The City of God
St Augustine
St Augustine
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Origin of Guilt
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Origin of Private Property
Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
6 min
The Origin of the Work of Art
Poetry, Language, Thought
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Aesthetics
6 min
The Origins: Antisemitism and Imperialism
The Origins of Totalitarianism
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Political
6 min
The Other as Necessary
Pyrrhus and Cinéas
Simone de Beauvoir
Simone de Beauvoir
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
The Overlapping Consensus
Political Liberalism
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Paradox of True Knowledge
Tao Te Ching
Laozi
Laozi
Ancient
Epistemology
4 min
The Path Through Sceptical Crisis
Deliverance from Error
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
The Pathos of Distance
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Peasant's Faith
A Confession
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Religion
4 min
The Perfect Friendship
Selected Essays
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Permission of Evil
Divine Providence
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Philosopher and Death
Apology
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Philosopher as Outsider
Historia Calamitatum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
The Picture Theory of Meaning
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
5 min
The Plague of Athens
On the Nature of Things
Lucretius
Lucretius
Ancient
Ethics
4 min
The Postulates of Practical Reason
Critique of Practical Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Pragmatic Method
Pragmatism
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Pre-existence of Souls and the Fall
On First Principles
Origen
Origen
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Preponderance of the Object
Negative Dialectics
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
The Primacy of Plot
Poetics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
The Prince Who Is Feared
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli
Niccolo Machiavelli
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Principle of Sufficient Reason
On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Principle of Tolerance
The Logical Syntax of Language
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
The Principle of Utility
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
Jeremy Bentham
Jeremy Bentham
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Private Language Argument
Philosophical Investigations
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Language
6 min
The Problem of Evil
Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Religion
5 min
The Problem of Evil and Soul-Making
The Existence of God
Richard Swinburne
Richard Swinburne
Contemporary
Religion
4 min
The Problem of Induction
The Problems of Philosophy
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Problem of Induction
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Problem of the Color Line
The Souls of Black Folk
W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Proof of the Principle of Utility
Utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Ethics
5 min
The Pure Man
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Pure Subject of Knowing
On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer
Modern
Mind
4 min
The Pursuit of True Happiness
Of a Happy Life
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Rationality of Faith
Faith and Reason
Richard Swinburne
Richard Swinburne
Contemporary
Epistemology
4 min
The Receptacle
Timaeus
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Rectification of Names
The Analects
Confucius
Confucius
Ancient
Political
4 min
The Religion of Love
What I Believe
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Religion
4 min
The Return to the One
The Enneads
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Religion
5 min
The Right of Revolution
Two Treatises of Government
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Rissho Ankoku Ron
The Writings of Nichiren Daishonin (Gosho)
Nichiren
Nichiren
Medieval
Social
5 min
The Rotation Method: Cultivating Possibility
Either/Or
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Aesthetics
4 min
The Sangha as Counter-Institution
The Buddha and His Dhamma
B.R. Ambedkar
B.R. Ambedkar
Contemporary
Social
4 min
The Science of Dream Interpretation
The Interpretation of Dreams
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Science of Human Civilisation
The Muqaddimah
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun
Medieval
Social
4 min
The Scientific Temperament
Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Self and Its Relation to Itself
The Sickness Unto Death
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Mind
5 min
The Sentiment of Rationality
The Will to Believe
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Separation of Powers
The Spirit of the Laws
Montesquieu
Montesquieu
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Seven Nature-Spirits
Aurora
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Seven Valleys of the Spiritual Path
The Conference of the Birds
Attar of Nishapur
Attar of Nishapur
Medieval
Religion
6 min
The Ship of State
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Political
4 min
The Sick Soul and the Twice-Born
The Varieties of Religious Experience
William James
William James
Contemporary
Religion
6 min
The Six Constitutions
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
The Social Bond as Deception
Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Social Compact
The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
6 min
The Sorrow Songs
The Souls of Black Folk
W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois
Contemporary
Aesthetics
6 min
The Soul and Its Immortality
The Book of Knowledge
Avicenna
Avicenna
Medieval
Mind
5 min
The Soul as Form of the Body
On the Soul
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Soul as Self-Mover
The Immortality of the Soul
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Soul's Captivity and Liberation
De Mysteriis (On the Mysteries)
Iamblichus
Iamblichus
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
The Soul's Descent into Matter
The Immortality of the Soul
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Soul's Eye
On the Beautiful
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Aesthetics
5 min
The Space of Appearance
The Human Condition
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Spark of the Soul
German Sermons
Meister Eckhart
Meister Eckhart
Medieval
Religion
4 min
The Spirit of the Laws
The Spirit of the Laws
Montesquieu
Montesquieu
Early Modern
Political
4 min
The Stages on Life's Way
Concluding Unscientific Postscript
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Existentialism
5 min
The State
Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Political
5 min
The State of Nature
Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Political
6 min
The Stillness of the One
On Contemplation
Plotinus
Plotinus
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Subject of Rupture
Theory of the Subject
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
The Supreme Ultimate
Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Yi Hwang (Toegye)
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The Swerve
On the Nature of Things
Lucretius
Lucretius
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Tabula Rasa — The Mind as White Paper
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke
John Locke
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Teacher-Student Relationship in Advaita
Upadeśasāhasrī
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Religion
5 min
The Teleological Suspension of the Ethical
Fear and Trembling
Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard
Modern
Religion
6 min
The Tender-Minded and the Tough-Minded
Pragmatism
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Theory of Definite Descriptions
On Denoting
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Language
6 min
The Theory of Forms
The Republic
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Three Art Forms
Lectures on Aesthetics
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Aesthetics
5 min
The Three Forms of Friendship
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
The Three Worlds
The Three Principles of the Divine Being
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
The True Life
On Life
Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Modern
Ethics
4 min
The True Theology
The Age of Reason
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Two Principles of Justice
A Theory of Justice
John Rawls
John Rawls
Contemporary
Political
5 min
The Two Stems of Knowledge
Critique of Pure Reason
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Tyranny of the Majority
On Liberty
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Political
5 min
The Unconquerable Will
Discourses and the Enchiridion
Epictetus
Epictetus
Ancient
Mind
5 min
The Unconscious and the Dream
The Interpretation of Dreams
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Contemporary
Mind
5 min
The Ungrateful Heart
On Benefits
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Unhappy Consciousness
Phenomenology of Spirit
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Religion
5 min
The Uniformity of Nature
A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill
Modern
Epistemology
4 min
The Unity of the Intellect
The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Averroes
Averroes
Medieval
Mind
5 min
The Universal Algorithm
Darwin's Dangerous Idea
Daniel Dennett
Daniel Dennett
Contemporary
Science
5 min
The Unmoved Mover
Metaphysics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Unnameable Tao
Tao Te Ching
Laozi
Laozi
Ancient
Metaphysics
5 min
The Uselessness of Anger
Of Anger
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Veil and Second-Sight
The Souls of Black Folk
W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois
Contemporary
Social
5 min
The Verificationist Criterion of Meaning
The Logical Structure of the World
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
The Virtue of Gratitude
On Benefits
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Virtue of Ignorance
Discourse on the Arts and Sciences
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Early Modern
Ethics
4 min
The Virtuous Mask
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli
Niccolo Machiavelli
Early Modern
Political
5 min
The Wall of Paradise
De Visione Dei (The Vision of God)
Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa
Early Modern
Religion
4 min
The Water Principle
The Art of War
Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The Wax Argument
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes
René Descartes
Early Modern
Epistemology
5 min
The Wisdom of Water
Tao Te Ching
Laozi
Laozi
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
The World-Soul
Timaeus
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Mind
6 min
Theory of Types
Principia Mathematica
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell
Contemporary
Logic
5 min
Theurgy as Divine Union
De Mysteriis (On the Mysteries)
Iamblichus
Iamblichus
Ancient
Religion
5 min
Thrownness and Facticity
Being and Time
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Continental
5 min
Time and Motion
Physics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Metaphysics
4 min
Tincture and Transformation
The Signature of All Things
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme
Early Modern
Metaphysics
4 min
Total Domination
The Origins of Totalitarianism
Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt
Contemporary
Political
5 min
Tradition-Dependent Rationality
Whose Justice? Which Rationality?
Alasdair MacIntyre
Alasdair MacIntyre
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Traditional and Critical Theory
Critical Theory: Selected Essays
Max Horkheimer
Max Horkheimer
Contemporary
Social
5 min
Transcendental Idealism
Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Truth as Conformity
Disputed Questions on Truth
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Medieval
Epistemology
4 min
Truth Happens to an Idea
Pragmatism
William James
William James
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
Truth Procedures: Science, Art, Politics, Love
Infinite Thought
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Truth, Beauty, and Adventure
Adventures of Ideas
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead
Contemporary
Aesthetics
5 min
Turiya: The Fourth State
Ātma Bodha
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Mind
5 min
Universal Hospitality
Perpetual Peace
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Modern
Political
4 min
Universals and Divine Names
Theologia Scholarium
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Metaphysics
5 min
Use as the Purpose of Creation
True Christian Religion
Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg
Early Modern
Religion
3 min
Utility and Artificial Virtue
An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals
David Hume
David Hume
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Vice, Weakness, and Sin
Scito te Ipsum
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard
Medieval
Ethics
4 min
Victory Without Fighting
The Art of War
Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Virtue and Citizenship
Politics
Aristotle
Aristotle
Ancient
Political
5 min
Virtue and Knowledge
Meno
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
Virtue and Practice
After Virtue
Alasdair MacIntyre
Alasdair MacIntyre
Contemporary
Ethics
5 min
Virtue as the Only Good
Of a Happy Life
Seneca
Seneca
Ancient
Ethics
6 min
Virtue Is an Acquirement
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
Viveka: The Discrimination of Real and Unreal
Ātma Bodha
Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara
Medieval
Epistemology
5 min
We Must Cultivate Our Garden
Candide
Voltaire
Voltaire
Early Modern
Ethics
5 min
What Calls Us to Think?
What Is Called Thinking?
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger
Contemporary
Epistemology
5 min
What Is a Definition?
Euthyphro
Plato
Plato
Ancient
Epistemology
4 min
Whereof One Cannot Speak
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
World Spirit
Lectures on the Philosophy of History
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Metaphysics
5 min
Worlds and Appearing
Logics of Worlds: Being and Event II
Alain Badiou
Alain Badiou
Contemporary
Metaphysics
5 min
Wrong Life
Minima Moralia
Theodor Adorno
Theodor Adorno
Contemporary
Ethics
4 min
Wu Wei — The Power of Non-Action
Tao Te Ching
Laozi
Laozi
Ancient
Ethics
5 min
ʿAṣabiyya: Group Feeling
The Muqaddimah
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun
Medieval
Political
5 min